Quick and Easy Irrigation Control System Troubleshooting with a Volt Ohm Meter

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Testing for Power
   1. Using the Voltage Setting
   2. Checking the AC Outlet Circuit Breaker
   3. Replacing the Transformer
3. Testing Output at Each Station
4. Replacing a Faulty Controller
5. Testing Continuity of Wire Connections
   1. Performing the Test
   2. Interpreting the Results
6. Testing the Solenoid
   1. Performing the Test
   2. Interpreting the Results
7. Conclusion

Introduction

Welcome to this guide on how to test the electrical wiring on your irrigation control using a volt meter. This simple yet effective process can save you time, labor, and frustration in diagnosing and resolving any issues with your irrigation system. By following the steps outlined in this article, you will be able to determine if your controller is receiving power, identify faulty stations, test wire connectivity, and check the integrity of solenoids. Let's dive in!

Testing for Power

Using the Voltage Setting

Before we begin testing, make sure your volt meter is set to the 200 volts AC setting. This will allow you to accurately measure the voltage in your system. Now, let's proceed with the first test to check if the controller is receiving power.

1. Put one probe of the volt meter on each of the terminals marked 24 V AC.
2. The voltage should read between 24 and 28 volts. If it falls within this range, it confirms that the controller is receiving power and the transformer is functioning properly.
3. If the voltage reading is not within this range, check the AC outlet circuit breaker or GFCI. If there is power at the outlet, then the transformer may need to be replaced.

Checking the AC Outlet Circuit Breaker

If the voltage reading was not within the expected range, it is important to ensure that the AC outlet circuit breaker or GFCI is not the cause of the issue. Follow these steps:

1. Check if there is power at the outlet by plugging in another device or using a circuit tester.
2. If there is power at the outlet and the voltage reading on the controller is still not within the expected range, the transformer may need to be replaced.

Replacing the Transformer

If it has been determined that the transformer is faulty, follow these steps to replace it:

1. Turn off the power to the irrigation control system.
2. Locate the transformer on the controller and carefully disconnect the wires.
3. Install the new transformer by connecting the wires according to the manufacturer's instructions.
4. Turn on the power and retest for voltage at the controller. The reading should now be within the expected range.

Testing Output at Each Station

During this test, we will determine if the controller is providing the proper output to each station. Follow these steps for each station:

1. Set the station to run manually.
2. Set your volt meter to the 200 V AC setting.
3. Place one probe on the common terminal and the other probe on the station that is running manually.
4. Repeat this test for each station.
5. If the volt meter reads in the range of 24 volts, then the controller is providing the proper output.
6. If one of the stations is not receiving the correct voltage, it may be time to replace the controller.
7. If there are extra working stations on the controller, you can use a spare and reprogram the station.
8. If more than one station is not receiving the correct voltage, it is recommended to replace the entire controller.

Replacing a Faulty Controller

If it has been determined that the controller needs to be replaced, follow these steps:

1. Disconnect the power to the irrigation control system.
2. Take note of the wiring connections on the existing controller.
3. Remove the old controller from the mounting and disconnect the wire connections.
4. Install the new controller by connecting the wires according to the manufacturer's instructions.
5. Mount the new controller in place.
6. Restore power to the system and retest output at each station to ensure proper functionality.

Testing Continuity of Wire Connections

To ensure the wire connections are intact and there are no breaks or shorts, perform the following test:

Performing the Test

1. Turn off the controller and set your volt meter to the 200 ohms setting.
2. Remove the common wire from the terminal strip.
3. Place one probe on the common wire and hold the other probe to the station terminal being tested.
4. Repeat this test for each station.

Interpreting the Results

1. A good wire run and solenoid should measure between 24 and 30 ohms.
2. Rainbird solenoids may measure between 35 and 40 ohms.
3. Each reading should be within 1 to 2 ohms of the others.
4. A much higher reading indicates a poor splice or a wire/solenoid that is starting to fail.
5. A much lower reading suggests a partial short in the wire or solenoid insulation breakdown.
6. If two valve solenoids are wired to the same station, the reading will be low, approximately half of the normal range.
7. A reading of zero indicates a short or an open circuit.

Testing the Solenoid

To test the integrity of the solenoid, follow these steps:

Performing the Test

1. Set your volt meter to the 200 ohms setting.
2. Remove the wire nuts from both wires leading from the controller to the solenoid coil.
3. Pinch a voltmeter probe to each of the bare copper wires on the solenoid.
4. A good solenoid coil should read between 20 to 25 ohms.

Interpreting the Results

1. If the resistance reading falls within the range mentioned above, the solenoid is functioning properly.
2. If the resistance reading is within the range but there are still issues, check for faults in the wire back to the controller or consider replacing the wire.

Conclusion

By following these step-by-step instructions, you can effectively test the electrical wiring on your irrigation control system. This knowledge will help you diagnose and resolve any issues promptly, saving you time and money. Remember to prioritize safety and always disconnect the power before conducting any tests or making any changes. Enjoy a well-functioning irrigation system and keep your garden thriving!

Highlights:

• Learn how to test the electrical wiring on your irrigation control system using a volt meter.
• Determine if your controller is receiving power and check the integrity of the transformer.
• Test the output of each station to identify faulty stations and consider replacing the controller if necessary.
• Perform a continuity test to ensure wire connections are intact.
• Test the solenoid to check its functionality.
• Follow step-by-step instructions to troubleshoot and resolve issues with your irrigation system.
• Prioritize safety by disconnecting power before testing or making any changes.

FAQ:

Q: Why is it important to test the electrical wiring on my irrigation control system? A: Testing the electrical wiring allows you to diagnose and resolve any issues with your system. It ensures that your controller is receiving power, identifies faulty stations, and helps maintain the overall functionality of your irrigation system.

Q: Can I replace a faulty controller on my own? A: Yes, you can replace a faulty controller yourself. However, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and prioritize safety. Disconnect power before making any changes, and make sure to retest the output at each station after the replacement.

Q: How often should I test the continuity of wire connections? A: It is recommended to test the continuity of wire connections periodically or whenever you suspect an issue with your irrigation system. Regular testing helps identify any breaks or shorts in the wire, ensuring proper functionality.

Q: What should I do if the solenoid test shows a resistance reading outside the normal range? A: If the solenoid test indicates a resistance reading that is too high or too low, it suggests a potential issue with the solenoid or the wire connected to it. Check for faults in the wire back to the controller or consider replacing the wire if needed.

Q: Can I perform these tests on any type of irrigation control system? A: The tests outlined in this guide can generally be performed on most irrigation control systems. However, it is always recommended to consult the manufacturer's instructions specific to your system for detailed guidance on troubleshooting and testing procedures.

Resources:

• Urban Farmer Store
• Urban Farmer Store - Online Library
• Urban Farmer Store - Volt Ohm Meter PDF