Understanding Dementia in the Maori Community
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- The Growing Issue of Dementia in New Zealand
- The Story of Mareae Cusack
- The Development of Tools to Diagnose Dementia in Maori
- Symptoms of Early Onset Dementia
- The Impact on the Whanau
- The Role of Caregivers in Supporting Dementia Patients
- The Importance of Socialization for Dementia Patients
- The Challenges of Cultural Sensitivity in Dementia Care
- The Importance of Maori Knowledge in Dementia Research
- The Need for Culturally Appropriate Assessment Tools
- The Benefits of Exercise and Stimulation for Dementia Patients
- The Role of Technology in Dementia Care
- Conclusion
- Resources
Article
👩🦳 The Growing Issue of Dementia in New Zealand
Dementia is a growing health issue in New Zealand, particularly among the Maori population. With an aging population, dementia is expected to become a major health concern for all New Zealanders. This article explores the impact of dementia on individuals, families, and communities, with a specific focus on the experiences of Maori living with dementia.
1. Introduction
Dementia is a neurological condition that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. It is not a normal part of aging, but rather a progressive disease that can have a profound impact on individuals and their families. In New Zealand, the prevalence of dementia is expected to increase significantly in the coming years, posing a considerable challenge for healthcare providers and caregivers.
2. The Story of Mareae Cusack
Mareae Cusack, an 83-year-old Maori woman, is one of many Maori individuals living with dementia. Her dementia was caused by a stroke, which led to memory loss and cognitive decline. Mareae's story highlights the challenges faced by individuals and their families when dealing with dementia.
Mareae's family has had to adapt to her changing needs, taking on the role of caregivers and support systems. They work together as a family to ensure Mareae's safety and well-being, embracing the challenges that come with her condition. Despite the difficulties, Mareae's family remains committed to keeping her at home for as long as possible, as they believe it is where she belongs.
3. The Development of Tools to Diagnose Dementia in Maori
Dr. Margaret Dudley, a researcher at Auckland University, is leading a project focused on developing culturally appropriate tools to diagnose dementia in Maori. These tools are informed by matauranga Maori, the traditional knowledge of Maori elders and leaders. By incorporating Maori perspectives, the aim is to create assessment tools that accurately reflect the experiences and needs of Maori individuals with dementia.
This approach ensures that the diagnoses and treatment plans are tailored to the specific cultural and linguistic needs of Maori patients. It also empowers Pakeha clinicians (non-Maori healthcare providers) to better understand and work effectively with Maori clients.
4. Symptoms of Early Onset Dementia
Early onset dementia can present with various symptoms, including confusion, memory difficulties, disorientation, and changes in personality. Individuals may experience depression, anxiety, and a loss of insight as the disease progresses. Mareae's experience highlights some of these symptoms, as she struggles with her memory, vision, and overall cognitive function.
5. The Impact on the Whanau
Dementia not only affects the individual but also has a significant impact on the whanau (family). It can be emotionally and physically challenging for family members to provide care and support for a loved one with dementia. In the early stages, when individuals are still aware of their declining faculties, the burden on the whanau can be particularly taxing.
6. The Role of Caregivers in Supporting Dementia Patients
Caregivers play a crucial role in supporting individuals with dementia. Tui, Mareae's daughter, works as a homecare support worker and takes care of her mother's needs. Having a caregiver allows Tui to continue working while ensuring that Mareae is well cared for.
The task of caregiving can be demanding, both physically and emotionally. Caregivers require patience, empathy, and a deep understanding of the challenges faced by individuals with dementia. It is vital for caregivers to prioritize self-care and seek support from local organizations that provide assistance for dementia care.
7. The Importance of Socialization for Dementia Patients
Socialization is a vital aspect of dementia care as it provides cognitive stimulation and emotional support. Engaging in activities, attending day programs, and interacting with others can help slow the progression of the disease and improve the overall well-being of individuals with dementia.
Mareae benefits from attending a day program at Seadrome, a residential hospital for people with dementia. The program incorporates Maori cultural practices, such as tikanga (protocols), te reo Maori (language), and te ao Maori (Maori worldview), to exercise the brain and strengthen cultural identity. The socialization and connection with others who share a similar cultural background have a positive impact on Mareae's well-being.
8. The Challenges of Cultural Sensitivity in Dementia Care
Cultural sensitivity is crucial when caring for Maori individuals with dementia. It is essential for healthcare providers to understand and respect Maori cultural values, beliefs, and practices. Pronouncing names correctly, using Te Reo Maori, and incorporating Maori protocols can significantly enhance the quality of care provided to Maori patients.
However, there is a need to bridge the gap between Western medical practices and Maori traditional knowledge. Maori often have a preference for keeping their elderly at home and taking care of them within the whanau. It is important for Pakeha clinicians to acknowledge and respect Maori cultural norms while providing professional medical care.
9. The Importance of Maori Knowledge in Dementia Research
Dr. Margaret Dudley's research project emphasizes the significance of Maori knowledge and perspectives in understanding and addressing dementia. By incorporating matauranga Maori, the research team is creating a more holistic and culturally sensitive approach to dementia diagnosis and management.
Ensuring that Maori elders and leaders are actively involved in the research process helps to ensure that the needs and preferences of the Maori community are accurately represented. The research findings will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of Maori and dementia, leading to better care and support for Maori individuals living with the disease.
10. The Need for Culturally Appropriate Assessment Tools
Standard cognitive assessment tools used in diagnosing dementia may not be fully suitable for Maori individuals. The development of culturally appropriate assessment tools recognizes the unique experiences, values, and perspectives of Maori patients. These tools will provide more accurate and valid profiles of cognitive function, allowing for tailored treatment plans that reflect the real needs and abilities of Maori patients.
Culturally appropriate assessment tools also empower Maori individuals and their whanau by highlighting their strengths and abilities. By focusing on these strengths, healthcare providers can work collaboratively with Maori patients and their families to develop effective strategies for managing and coping with dementia.
11. The Benefits of Exercise and Stimulation for Dementia Patients
Exercise and mental stimulation have been shown to be beneficial for individuals with dementia. Physical activity, such as gentle movement or structured exercise programs, can improve overall well-being, maintain mobility, and enhance cognitive function. Mental stimulation through puzzles, games, and engaging activities can help slow the progression of cognitive decline.
The Maori kaupapa program at Seadrome utilizes movement and brain stimulation exercises to support cognitive function in dementia patients. This approach incorporates Maori cultural practices and knowledge, creating a multi-sensory exercise method that engages both the body and mind.
12. The Role of Technology in Dementia Care
Technology, such as mobile phone applications, can play a significant role in supporting individuals and families affected by dementia. Dr. Margaret Dudley is working on developing a phone app that provides clear and accessible information about dementia for both Maori individuals living with the disease and their whanau.
The app aims to empower Maori individuals and families by providing information, resources, and strategies to manage and prevent dementia. By utilizing technology, the app ensures that this vital information is readily available and easily accessible to the Maori community.
13. Conclusion
Dementia is a complex and challenging condition that requires a multi-faceted approach to address its impact on individuals and their communities. The experiences of Maori individuals living with dementia highlight the importance of incorporating Maori cultural knowledge and perspectives into dementia care.
By recognizing the unique needs and preferences of Maori individuals and their whanau, healthcare providers can promote culturally sensitive and effective care. By continuing to bridge the gap between Western medical practices and Maori traditional knowledge, we can improve the quality of life for Maori individuals living with dementia.
14. Resources
- Auckland University Dementia Research: link
- Seadrome Residential Hospital: link
- Alzheimer's New Zealand: link
- Dementia Support New Zealand: link
