Unlock the Secrets of Shakespearean Language
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Common Vocabulary in Shakespearean Language
- Pronouns and Possessive Pronouns
- Words with Different Meanings
- Positive and Negative Words
- Words Related to Personality
- Grammar in Shakespearean Language
- Words Ending with "est" and "eth"
- Words with Apostrophes
- Pronunciation of "I" and "th"
- Tips for Reading Shakespearean Language
- Simplify and Cut Off Word Endings
- Understanding Words with Apostrophes
- Combining Apostrophes for Flow
- Conclusion
- Resources
🖋️ The Art of Understanding Shakespearean Language
William Shakespeare, widely regarded as the greatest playwright in English literature, is known for his rich and poetic language. However, for modern readers, deciphering his language can be quite challenging. This article aims to unravel the complexities of Shakespearean language and provide you with the tools to understand and appreciate his works.
1. Introduction
Shakespearean language presents unique vocabulary and grammar that differ from modern English. To fully grasp his plays and sonnets, it is essential to familiarize yourself with the common characteristics of his language.
2. Common Vocabulary in Shakespearean Language
2.1 Pronouns and Possessive Pronouns
In Shakespearean language, pronouns and possessive pronouns vary greatly from contemporary usage. Words such as "thee," "thou," "thy," and "thine" are commonly used to address oneself, while "you" and "your" take their place in modern English. For instance, "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" would translate to "Should I compare you to a summer's day?" in modern language.
2.2 Words with Different Meanings
Certain words in Shakespearean language hold different meanings within their context. For example, instead of saying "before," characters would use the term "ere." Similarly, "both" is used as a verb to mean "to say" or "to speak." An example of this is "Give me both," which would be equivalent to "Give me your word" or "Tell me." Furthermore, "fair" represents both beauty and goodness, while "foul" signifies anything negative or wicked.
2.3 Positive and Negative Words
Shakespearean language employs a range of words to express positivity or negativity. "Fare" refers to anything good, just, reasonable, or positive, while "foul" encompasses everything bad, ugly, or negative. Words like "temperament" describe one's personality traits, adding depth to character descriptions. In Macbeth, the phrase "Fair is foul and foul is fair" exemplifies the play's central theme of deception and moral ambiguity.
2.4 Words Related to Personality
Words associated with speech or talking, such as "tongue" and "lips," indicate the act of communication. Characters often use phrases like "Give thy thoughts no tongue" to advise withholding one's thoughts from speech. Additionally, the term "mad" is used to signify craziness rather than anger. For instance, "It will make us mad" would mean "It will drive us insane."
3. Grammar in Shakespearean Language
Shakespeare's language also introduces grammatical nuances that differ from contemporary usage.
3.1 Words Ending with "est" and "eth"
Many words in Shakespearean language end with "est" or "eth." These endings indicate different verb forms. However, for easier readability, you can simply remove these endings. For instance, "thou thinkest" becomes "you think," "cometh" becomes "come," and "makest" becomes "make."
3.2 Words with Apostrophes
Apostrophes in Shakespearean language signify omitted letters or words. When reading aloud, you would pronounce the words without pauses caused by apostrophes. For example, "never" without the V becomes "ne'er," and "it" with an apostrophe becomes "it," pronounced as the word "in." This method helps to maintain and flow of the language.
3.3 Pronunciation of "I" and "th"
The pronunciation of "I" with an apostrophe changes to a short vowel sound, akin to the word "in." On the other hand, the "th" sound combined with an apostrophe can be pronounced as "the." Therefore, phrases like "in the name of truth" and "the Shipman's yard" would be pronounced as such while reading aloud.
4. Tips for Reading Shakespearean Language
To enhance your understanding and enjoyment of Shakespeare's works, here are a few useful tips:
4.1 Simplify and Cut Off Word Endings
When reading Shakespeare's plays or sonnets, you can simplify the language by eliminating word endings such as "est," "eth," and "'st." By doing so, you can focus on the core meaning of the words and better follow the story or dialogue.
4.2 Understanding Words with Apostrophes
Be mindful of words with apostrophes, as they often indicate omitted letters or words. Familiarize yourself with the common contractions and shortenings used in Shakespearean language. Understanding these shortcuts will help you navigate the text more effectively.
4.3 Combining Apostrophes for Flow
When apostrophes appear together, such as "i"' and "th,'" blending their pronunciation aids the natural flow of the text. By merging the sounds and eliminating pauses, you can maintain the rhythm and cadence intended by Shakespeare.
5. Conclusion
Unraveling the mysteries of Shakespearean language allows us to appreciate the timeless beauty and complexity of his works. By familiarizing ourselves with the distinctive vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation, we can delve deeper into the nuances of his characters and stories. So, let us celebrate the art of understanding Shakespearean language and embark on a journey through the world of the Bard.
6. Resources
